The death of a domestic worker in Nairobi’s Kilimani neighbourhood has prompted the Kenyan government to move towards ratifying key international labour laws.

Labour Cabinet Secretary Alfred Mutua said on Thursday that plans were at an advanced stage to finalise instruments for the ratification of International Labour Organisation (ILO) Conventions 189 and 190. The agreements are designed to guarantee fair wages, rest periods and protection against violence and harassment in workplaces.

“This ratification will strengthen mechanisms for the protection of all domestic workers in Kenya,” Mr Mutua said in a statement. He stressed that the government was working to ensure safer, more dignified working conditions.

The announcement follows the death of Zeituni Kavayo, who was reportedly assaulted while on duty. Her killing sparked outrage, drawing attention to what workers’ advocates describe as a longstanding culture of exploitation.

“The Ministry is working closely with the National Police Service and the Directorate of Criminal Investigations to ensure that thorough investigations are carried out and that justice is served without delay,” Mr Mutua added.

Five Sudanese citizens were arrested in connection with Ms Kavayo’s death, according to police. They were taken to Kilimani Police Station for questioning, while detectives said they were pursuing additional suspects.

Human rights groups have long argued that Kenya lags behind on protections for domestic workers, who often face low pay, long hours and little recourse against abuse. Ratifying the ILO conventions, first adopted in 2011 and 2019 respectively, would legally bind the country to uphold higher standards.

“This tragedy is a wake-up call,” said a Nairobi-based labour rights advocate, who asked not to be named. “Domestic workers are essential, yet too often invisible in terms of protection. These conventions could be a turning point.”

Mr Mutua condemned the killing, saying it reflected “a persisting culture of discrimination, exploitation and violation of rights of low-ranking workers.” He assured domestic workers that their safety was “the government’s priority,” while reminding employers of their “legal and moral duty to treat all workers with fairness and respect.”

The move has been welcomed by campaigners, though many are waiting to see if ratification will be matched by enforcement.